Abbas Mosque
Abbas (son of Ali), tomb of
Abdel Mahdi, Adil
Abdillah, Mullah
Abdul-Ahad, Ghaith
Abdullah, King (of Jordan)
Abed, Abul
Abed, Dhari Muhamad
Abizaid, John
Ablawi, Salih (Abu Jaafar)
al-Absi, Shaker
Abu Abdallah. See bin Laden, Osama
Abu Anas
Abu Bakr
Abu Bilal
Abu Dira
Abu Dshir
Abu Ghraib prison
Abu Hanifa
Abu Hanifa Mosque
Abu Hatem (Karim Mahud al-Muhammadawi)
Abu Hudheifa (Marwarn Yassin)
Abu Hureira
Abu Jaafar (Salih Ablawi)
Abu Jaafar (Sheikh Ali)
Abu Jaber
Abu Karar
Abu Khalel family
Abu Khalid
Abu Khalil, As’ad
Abu Lahab
Abu Laith
Abu Midyan
Abu Muhamad/Abu Shahid (Mustafa Ramadan)
Abu Muhamad (in Jordan)
Abu Muhammad, Sheikh
Abu Musa
Abu Muthana
Abu Nidal Organization
Abu Obeida (Abdallah Khalaq)
Abu Omar (Firas Yamin)
Abu Omar (Khalil Ibrahim)
Abu Qutaiba
Abu Risha, Ahmad
Abu Risha, Sheikh Sattar
Abu Rumman, Mohammad
Abu Teiba
Abu Yasser
Accountability and Justice Commission
Adesnik, Ariel David
al-Adhami, Sheikh Muayad
Adhamiya
al-Adib, Ali
Adnan, Adil
Afghan Ministry of Interior
Afghan Ministry of Justice
Afghan National Army (ANA)
Afghan National Civil Order Police (ANCOP)
Afghan National Directorate of Security (NDS)
Afghan National Police (ANP)
Afghan National Security Forces (ANSF)
Afghan Regional Security Integration Command
Afghanistan
assumptions about
attacks on NGOs in
civilian death toll
civilian surge in, call for
COIN theorists’ failure to question the U.S. invasion of
context of, in-depth knowledge of, lack of
and defensive jihad
drug trade in
failure of U.S. COIN operations in
fighting picking up in
jihadis in
loss of U.S. influence due to war in
new U.S. strategy for
oppression in, continuation of, by U.S. military
population of, characteristics of
prisons in
Rumsfeld’s view of U.S. troops in
situation in, and the resurgence of U.S. troops, aspects of
Soviet invasion and occupation of
and the surge in Iraq
U.S. initial invasion of
withdrawal of Soviets from, American neglect following
Aflaq, Michel
Ahad, Ghaith Abdul
al-Ahdab, Musbah
Ahmadinejad, Mahmoud
al-Ajami, Mukhtar Shaaban
Akef, Mahdi
Akhundzada, Sher Muhamad (SMA)
Akkawi, Khalil
Al Akhbar newspaper
Al Aqsa Mosque
Al Arab al-Yawm newspaper
Al Arabiya television
Al Ashur al-Hurm period
Al Azhar University
Al Basa’ir newspaper
Al Furat television
Al Hawza newspaper
Al Hayat newspaper
Al Iraqiya television
Al I’tisam newspaper
Al Jazeera television
Al Manar television
Al Mustafa Mosque
Al Mutaibeen alliance
Al Qaeda
accusation of Syria helping
and Afghanistan
and Fatah al-Islam
groups/people inspired by
and Lebanon
major reason for the growth of
new U.S. strategy for targeting
sources of funding
worldview of
Zarqawi’s rejection of
See also Tawhid and Jihad group
Al Qaeda in Iraq (AQI)
in Amriya
and the Awakening groups
and the banks of the Tigris River
believed to be lying dormant
creation of
and implementation of COIN
initial Sunni support for
jihad conditions breached by
and Lebanon
local resistance against
and the Mahdi Army
remnants of, targeting
Sunni opponents of
and the surge
and tribal leaders
Al Qaeda paradigm
Al Qaqa Battalions
Al Rai newspaper
Al Rusufa prison
Al Sabah newspaper
Al Sahwa (the Awakening)
See also Awakening program/groups; Sons of Iraq (SOI)
Al Sajjad Mosque
Al Tanf refugee camp
Al Wathba (The Leap) movement
Al Zawra TV
Alawites
Algeria
Ali (cousin and son-in-law of the Prophet Muhammad)
Ali, Jamal Jaafir Mohammed (Abu Mahdi al-Muhandes)
Allawi, Ayad
Allush, Mustafa
al-Alousi, Mithal
Amal Movement
Amawi, Mohammad Zaki
America/Americans. See United States
American Enterprise Institute
American proxies
Amir, General Abdul
al-Amiri, Hadi
al-Amli, Abu Khalid
Amman
Amriya
Amriya Freedom Fighters (AFF). See Fursan (Amriya Freedom Fighters/Thurwar)
Anbar Awakening
Anbar province
See also Falluja
Annadawi, Muhamad Fawad Latufi
Ansar al-Islam group
Ansar al-Sunna group
Ansar al-Tawhid wa al-Sunna group
al-Ansari, Sheikh Haitham
Anti-Saddam militias, Iranian-sponsored
See also Shiite militias
Aoun, Michel
Arab Current
Arab League
Arab University of Beirut
Arabiya television
Arabsat network
Arafat, Yasser
al-Araji, Baha
al-Araji, Hazim
Arbaeen ceremonies
al-Aridi, Ghazi
Armed Forces Journal
Army of Muhammad
Army of the Mujahideen
Ash Sharq radio
Ashura holiday
Asia Foundation
al-Askari, Sami
Askari Shrine
See also Samarra shrine attack
al-Assad, Bashar
al-Assad, Hafiz
Association of Free Prisoners
Association of Muslim Scholars
Assumptions, underlying, about Iraq and Afghanistan
al-Aswad, Muhamad
Atiyyah, Ghassan
Australia
Awakening Council
Awakening phenomenon
Awakening program/groups See also Iraqi Security Volunteers (ISVs); Sons of Iraq (SOI)
al-Awamli family
al-Awar, Hossam
Ayn al-Hilweh refugee camp
Azzam, Abdallah
Azzam, Hudheifa
Baath Party/Baathists See also Hussein, Saddam
Bab al-Tabbaneh area
Badr Brigade
Badr Organization (formerly the Badr Brigade)
Baghdad
American devolving their authority in
battle for
as a city of decay
concentration of attacks against the coalition in
continued escalation of violence in
economic center of
improved security in, reason for
main no-go zone of
major coordinated terrorist attacks in
media coverage of inside and outside of, issue with
number of refugees from
sectarian cleansing in
and the shifts in sectarianism
six years after the fall of, changes that were apparent
surge efforts in and around, aspects of the
See also specific districts, neighborhoods, and sites
Baghdad Brigade
Baghdad International Airport
Baghdad Operation Center (BOC)
Baghdad Security Plan
Baghdad TV station
al-Baghdadi, Abu Omar
al-Baghdadi, Ayatollah Ali
Baghdadiya television
Bahrain
Bakri, Nada
Balkans
al-Banna, Hassan
Baquba
Barack, Obama
Baradar, Mullah
Baram, Amatzia
al-Barrak, Abdul Rahman bin Nasser
Barudi, Sheikh Bilal
Barzani, Massoud
Basair (The Mind’s Eye) newspaper
Basra
Batal al-Tahrir (Heroes of Liberation) section
al-Bawi, Ghassan Adnan
Bayat al-Imam (Oath of Loyalty to the Leader)
Bazzaz, Hassan
Bedawi refugee camp
Beirut See also specific districts and neighborhoods
Beirut International Airport
al-Beit, Ahl
Beri, Nabih
al-Berjawi, Shaqer
“Best Practices in Counterinsurgency” (Sepp)
Biden, Joe
bin Aqil, Muslim
bin Jabrin, Sheikh Abdallah
bin Laden, Osama See also Al Qaeda
bin Sultan, Bandar
Bishara, Azmi
Black September (Palestinian uprising)
Blair, Tony
Bodine, Barbara
al-Bolani, Jawad
Bonn conference
Bosnia
Bremer, Paul
Britain
and Afghanistan
and Basra
British colonizers
British Mandate authority
Brookings Institution
Brown, Gordon
Buratha Mosque
Burj al-Barajneh refugee camps
al-Burqawi, Isam Taher al-Oteibbi
Bush administration
Bush, George W.
Cairo
Campbell, John
Canada
Carter, Phil
Casey, George
Celebrity pundits
Center for New American Security (CNAS)
Center for Strategic International Studies
Central Command
Chadarchi, Naseer
Chalabi, Ahmad
Chamberlin, Robert
Charge of the Knights campaign
Chechnya
Chesney, Ed
Chiarelli, General
Children
art from Palestinan
fear in
fights between Sunni and Shiite
and IEDs
as orphans
view of Americans
Christian Lebanese Forces
Christian militias
Christians
in Baghdad areas
in Lebanon
relocation of
as the third target of AQI
City of Mosques See also Falluja
City of Peace cemetery
Civilian Police Assistance Training Team (CPATT)
Clerics, rise of
CNN
Coalition Press Information Center
Coalition Provisional Authority (CPA). See Office of the Coalition Provisional Authority (OCPA)
Cockburn, Patrick
COIN Academy
COIN warfare. See Counterinsurgency (COIN)
College of Technology
Colombia
Colonial case, labeling Iraq as a, effort to avoid
Combat outposts (COPs)
Commanders of the Jihad (chanting)
Communists
Confederation of Iraqi Tribes
Conference of Iraqi Sunnis
Council of Ministers
Council of Notables
Counterinsurgency (COIN)
in Afghanistan
average time period of
manual on
paradox involving
population-centric
proponents of, influence of
soldiers’ perspectives on
as still violence
training in
Counterinsurgency Warfare: Theory and Practice (Galula)
Crane, Conrad
Crider, Jim
Criminal Medicine Department
Critical Infrastructure Security guards
Crocker, Ryan
The Da Vinci Code (book/movie)
Dadullah, Mansur
Dadullah, Mullah
al-Damalouji, Meisoon
Damascus
Damascus International Airport
Danish cartoons
Dar al-Ifta. See Sunni Endowment
al-Daraji, Abdul Hadi
Darfur
Darwinian approach
Daud, Engineer
Dawa Party
de Mistura, Stefan
de Quincy Adams, Jasper
De-Arabization idea
Death squads
De-Baathification policy
Defensive jihad
Democracy
Democrats and Republicans
Denmark
Department for the Protection of Professors
Dermer, P. J.
Dhaher, Khaled
al-Dhari, Dhamer
al-Dhari, Harith See also Association of Muslim Scholars
Di Rita, Larry
Diab, Salim
al-Din Albani, Muhamad Nasir
Dinniyeh group
District Advisory Councils (DACs)
Diwaniya
Diyala province
Dora
Druze revival
Dulaimi, Adnan
al-Dulaimi, Asma
al-Dulaimi, Saadoun
Dulaimi tribe
East Timor
“Eating Soup With a Spoon” (Gentile)
Economic sanctions, impact of
Egypt
Eid al-Adha holiday, Saddam’s execution during
“80 percent solution” attempt
Elections
in Afghanistan
based on proportional representation, effect of the
exaggerated claims made about
groups banned from
media coverage of
public indifference to
that enshrined sectarianism
that signaled the civil war was over
threatening those participating in
waiting to be told who to vote for in
See also Political participation
El-Hindi, Marwan Othman
Erbil
Ethar Association
Euphrates River
European Union
Everyday Jihad (Rougier)
Exiles
in Iran
in Jordan
living as, aspects of
number of
return of
See also Iraqi refugees
Experts, self-styled
Exum, Andrew
Facility Protection Service (FPS)
Fadhil, Abu Ahmad
Fadhil area
Fadhila movement
Fadhila Party
Fadlallah, Ayatollah Muhammad Hussein
al-Faidih, Muhammad Bashar
Faisal, Ali (Ali al-Lami)
al-Faisal, Saud
Faith Campaign
Faizani, Mullah
Falah, Haji
Falcon Brigade
Falluja
destruction of, shift following
status of, in 2004
al-Faqih, Sheikh Jawad
Fard al-Qanun (Imposing the Law)
Fares, Walid
al-Fartusi, Sheikh Muhammad
Fatah
Fatah al-Intifada
Fatah al-Islam
Fatah Revolutionary Council
Fatfat, Ahmad
Fedayeen militia
Federalism
Feith, Doug
Females. See Women
Fick, Nathaniel
Fil, Joseph
Force Strategic Engagement Cell (FSEC)
Foreign fighters
Foreign military occupation, meaning of
Forward Operating Bases (FOBs)
France
Franjieh, Suleiman
Frank, Pat
Franks, Tommy
Free Patriotic Movement
Freedom fighting vs. terrorism, difficulty distinguishing
Free-market economy
Friedman, Thomas
Front for Fighting the Jews and Crusaders
Fursan (Amriya Freedom Fighters/Thurwar)
Future Current
Future Movement
Future newspaper
Future TV station
Gallagher, Brendan
Galula, D.
Garner, Jay
Gates, Robert
Gaza
Geagea, Samir
Gellhorn, Martha
Gemayel, Bashir
General Federation of Labor Unions
Generation Kill (book/ HBO series)
Geneva Convention
Gentile, Gian
Ghazaliya
Ghazni
Gheit, Ahmed Abul
Ghorayeb, Amal Saad
“Ghost police” problem
Globalized jihadism
Godfather, The (book/movie)
Gottleib, Jeffrey
Graffiti, sectarian, shift away from
Grand Mosque in Mecca
Green, Toby
Green Zone
Guantánamo
Guardian article
Gulf War
Hadley, Stephen
Haenni, Patrick
al-Haeri, Ayatollah Kadhim
Hafeez, Zerlakhta
Haiti
al-Haj, Muhammad
al-Hajj, Francois
al-Hakim, Abdul Aziz See also Supreme Council for the Islamic Revolution in Iraq (SCIRI)
Hakim family
al-Hakim, Muhammad Bakr
Halba attack
Halliday, Dennis
Hamas
al-Hamdani, Raed
Hammond, General
Hammoudah, Mohamad
Hammoudah, Nasr
Hamza Mosque
Haqbeen, Fazel Rabie
Haqqani, Jalaluddin
Harakat al-Tawhid al-Islami (The Islamic Unity Movement)
al-Hardan, Sheikh Saad Mushhan Naif
al-Hareth, Abu
al-Hariri, Bahiya
Hariri family
Hariri Foundation
al-Hariri, Rafiq
al-Hariri, Saad See also Future Movement
Hasan, Monaem Ibrahim
Hashaika, Abdallah
Hashem, Albu
Hashem, Hassan
Hashemites
Hashim, Haji
al-Hashimi, Saad
al-Hashimi, Tariq
Hassan Mosque
Hassan (son of Ali)
Hassanein Mosque
al-Hassani, Sayyid Jalil Sarkhi
Haswa
al-Hawali, Sifr
Hayaniya
Hekmatyar, Gulbuddin
Helmand province, surge in
Helweh camp
Hill, Christopher
Hitler, Adolf
Hix, Bill
Hizballah
Hizb-e-Islami faction
Homosexuals, targeting
Honorable resistance, defined
Hospitals, issues facing
Hot Bird (broadcast company)
al-Huda, Bint
Human Rights Watch
Huquq political party
Hurra television
Hurriya
Hussein, King (of Jordan)
Hussein, Qusay, death of
Hussein, Saddam
comparing America to
comparing Bush to
comparing Maliki with
comparing the SCIRI to
coup attempts on
failed uprising against
honoring/praise for
Lebanese views of
regime of, collapse of
and sectarianism
treatment of prisoners under
trial and execution of, impact of
Hussein, Sheikh
Hussein (son of Ali)
Hussein, Uday
Ibn al-Alqami
Ibn Taimiya
Ibrahim al-Khalil convent
Ibrahim, Khalil (Abu Omar)
Identity politics
Idu, Walid
IED attacks and ambushes
Imam Ali. See Ali (cousin and son-in-law of the Prophet Muhammad)
Imam Hussein. See Hussein (son of Ali)
Imam Ridha shrine
Implementation and Follow-up Committee for National Reconciliation (IFCNR)
Independent High Electoral Commission
Independent Islamic Gathering
India
Institute for the Study of Diplomacy
Integrity Committee
Interim government
Internal displacement See also Iraqi refugees; specific areas with displaced population groups
International Crisis Group
International Islamic University
International Rescue Committee
International Security Assistance Force (ISAF)
Iran
accusations against
and Afghanistan
and the Badr Brigade
and Chalabi
exiles in
fear of
holy city of
illegals from, paranoia about
interference and money from, effect of
and the July War
and Lebanon
and the Mahdi Army
and the March 8 coalition
nuclear intransigence of, American response to
perceived gain from Iraqi civil war
possible intervention by
regional rivalry between Saudi Arabia and
role of
seen as gaining more power
Shah of
as Syria’s ally
talk in Washington about
Iranian pilgrims
Iranian proxy
Iranian Revolution
Iranian Revolutionary Guards
Iranian-sponsored militias
See also Badr Brigade
Iran-Iraq war
Iraq Study Group report
Iraqi Accord
Iraqi army
critique of the, during the Battle for Baghdad
disbanding of the
former colonel of
and the impact of cooperation with U.S. troops
including leaders of the, in planning sessions
national embrace of the
vs. the police
previous support for the
viewed as the most competent of the security forces
views of the
See also Iraqi Security Forces (ISF)
Iraqi Civil Defense Corp.
Iraqi civil war
burn out of the
civilian casualties during the surge vs.
and the cleansing of Amriya
context behind the
continuing civilian deaths due to, and the surge
elections that signaled the end of
end of the, and the changes that were apparent, aspects of
escalation of the
fiercest battles of the, sites of the
first outbreaks of
and how it made the U.S. occupation good
Lebanese blaming Americans for
and the Mahdi Army cease-fire
and Muqtada’s influence
names for the
power during the
restart of the, speculation over
and the rise of the mosques
road to the, aspects of
and the Sadr Current
signal indicating ending of
Sunni and Shiites reflecting back on
Sunnis accepting their loss in the
U.S. acknowledging the
vital battleground during the
warning about regional destabilization from
winner of the
See also Sectarian cleansing; Shiite militias; Sunni militias
Iraqi Constitution
Iraqi death toll
Iraqi Governing Council (IGC)
Iraqi government integration, failure to achieve See also specific governmental agencies, institutions, and people
Iraqi Homeland Party
Iraqi Islamic Party. See Islamic Party of Iraq
Iraqi military. See Iraqi army
Iraqi Ministry of Defense
Iraqi Ministry of Education
Iraqi Ministry of Health
Iraqi Ministry of Higher Education
Iraqi Ministry of Information
Iraqi Ministry of Interior
Iraqi Ministry of Justice
Iraqi Ministry of Migration
Iraqi Ministry of Oil
Iraqi Ministry of Transportation
Iraqi National Alliance
Iraqi National Congress (INC)
Iraqi National Guard (ING)
Iraqi nationalism
Iraqi National Police (INP) See also Iraqi Security Forces (ISF)
Iraqi Office of the Prime Minister
Iraqi Parliment
Iraqi police. See Iraqi National Police (INP)
Iraqi Rabita website
Iraqi refugees
composition of
crisis of displaced
and Fatah al-Islam
following the 2005 elections and violence
in Jordan
number of
in Saudi Arabia
in Syria
See also Exiles; Internal displacement
Iraqi resistance. See specific organizations and groups
Iraqi Security Forces (ISF)
and the Awakening groups
composition of the
confidence expressed in the
linked to Shiite militias
and the Mahdi Army
monopolized power of the
obstacles to ISV/Awakening integration into
power of, not understanding
professionalism and nonsectarianism exhibited by some members of
rebuilding of the
responsibility for training
sectarianism of the
smuggled weapons originally from
stronger
transitioning authority to
Zarqawi pushing the, effect of
See also Iraqi army; Iraqi National Police (INP)
Iraqi Security Volunteers (ISVs)
See also Awakening program/groups
Iraqi Special Operations Forces
Iraqiya Party
Iraq-U.S. relationship, previous
Iskandariya
Islam Memo website
Islam, radical, spread of
Islamic Army of Iraq
Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan
Islamic Group of Egypt
Islamic Party of Afghanistan. See Hizb-e-Islami faction
Islamic Party of Iraq
Islamic State of Iraq
Islamists, power used against, effect of
Israel
Al Qaeda and
defiance of UN rulings
difficulty of going to fight
future security of
and the July War
and the Lebanese army
seen as the common enemy
Israeli peace process
Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Jaafar Al Tayar shrine
al-Jaafari, Ibrahim
Jabril, Ahmed
al-Jadri, Bassima
Jaish al-Mahdi (JAM)
Black
Golden
meaning of
White
See also Mahdi Army
Jalalabad
Jalil, Sayyid
Jalul, Nabil
JAM. See Jaish al-Mahdi (JAM)
Jamaa Islamiya movement
Jamia
Jamiyat al-Turath al-Islami (The Society of Islamic Heritage)
Jan, Abdul Rahman
Jarrah, Ziad
Jassim, Abdul Qader Muhammad
al-Jayusi, Azmi
Jeish al-Fatihin group
Jeish Muhammad group
Jeish Nasr Salahedin (The Army of Salahedin’s Victory)
Jewish militias
Jews See also Israel
Jihad and Reform Front
Jihad fighters/jihadis
being among, aspects of
following Zarqawi
Iraq considered a loss for
of Muqtada
Sunnis as
See also specific jihadist leaders/people and organizations
Jihad, four conditions of, breached by AQI
Jihadism, globalized
Jisr, Samir
Johnson, Lyndon
Johnston, Rob
Joint security stations (JSS)
Jolles, Lorens
Jordan
attitude towards Palestinians
civil war in
closed borders of
and the Geneva Convention
and the impact of jihadis
Iraqi refugees in
July 7 attack in
monarchy of, Zarqawi’s hatred of
as part of Iraq
poll on attitudes in
population of
possible intervention by
Saudi Arabia aligning with
and sectarianism
Sunnis being trained in
and a U.S.-backed military alliance
Jordanian General Intelligence Directorate
Jordanian Ministry of Education
Journalism/journalists. See Media
al-Jubauri, Mishan
al-Juburi, Fatthi Yusuf Saleh
al-Juburi, Omar
July War
Juma, Saad
Jumblatt, Walid
Jumhuriya newspaper
Jund Allah militia
Jund al-Sahaba group
Jund al-Sham (Soldiers of Sham/Levant)
Jund al-Sitt (The Army of the Lady)
Juzu, Sheikh Muhamad Ali
Kabul
Kabul-Kandahar highway
Kadhim, Imam
Kadhim Mosque
Kadhimayn Mosque
al-Kadhimi, Adnan
al-Kadhimi, Sheikh Raed
Kadhimiya
Kadhimiya prison
Kagan, Fred
Kahl, Colin
Kalyvas, Stathis
Kandahar
al-Kanj, Basim
Karameh, Omar
Karar Brigade
Karbala
Karkh cemetery
Karzai, Hamid
Kaywan, Raed Ahmed
Keane, Jack
Kentucky Fried Chicken
Khadra
Khalaq, Abdallah (Abu Obeida)
al-Khalaylah, Ahmad Fadhil Nazal
See also al-Zarqawi, Abu Musab
Khaldan Camp
al-Khaleq, Abdel Rahman
Khalid, Sheikh
Khalil, Dr.
Khalilzad, Zalmay
Khalis, Maulvi Muhamad Younes
Khamenei, Ayatollah
Khan, Dad Muhamad
Khan, Nafez
Khatib, Ismail
al-Khatib, Sahar
al-Khattab, Omar ibn
al-Khazraji, Sheikh Muayad
al-Kheiqani, Abu Haidar
al-Khirbit, Sattam
al-Khirbit, Sheikh Mudhir
Khomeini, Ayatollah
Khreis, Samih
Khudeir, Sheikh Ahmed
Khudeir, Walid
Kidnappings
al-Kinani, Sheikh Hussein Karim
Kirkuk
Kites, issue of
Kitson, Frank
Koran, the
Korean War
Kosovo
al-Kubaisi, Sheikh Abdul Ghafar
Kubeisi, Ahmad
al-Kubeisi, Sheikh Abdul Salam
Kuehl, Dale
Kufa Mosque
al-Kufi, Abbas
Kunduz province
Kurdish militias
“Kurdish north” label
Kurdish pesh merga
Kurdish revival
Kurdistan
Kurdistan Democratic Party (KDP)
Kurds
and the “80 percent solution,”
empowerment of the
and the execution of Saddam
following American invasion
internally displacing
periphery vs. center
and secession
and sectarian cleansing
and the shifts in sectarianism
status of
Kuwait
Lahoud, Emile
Lake Habbaniya
Lamb, Graeme
al-Lami, Ali (Ali Faisal)
The Lancet
Lang, Pat
Langan, Sean
Latifya, battles in
LBC television
Learning to Eat Soup With a Knife: Counterinsurgency Lessons from Malaya and Vietnam (Nagl)
Lebanese army
agreement made with militias by
standing by
strength of the
treatment of Palestinians
Lebanese Civil Defense
Lebanese Interior Ministry
Lebanese Internal Security Forces
Lebanese Red Cross
Lebanese refugees
Lebanese University
Lebanon
aftermath of the war in Iraq on, aspects of
civil war in
conditions of the population in
and the Geneva Convention
identity politics in
Israel’s invasion of
and the July War
political tensions in, pushed to armed conflict, America’s role in and goal of
and sectarianism
war in Iraq spilling over into, aspects of
Libya
Lieberman, Joseph
Little Triangle
Loftis, Robert
Logar province
The Logic of Violence in Civil War (Kalyvas)
Looting
Lynch, Rick
Maalif
Maan, Hikmat Hussein (Hakami)
Madain, battles in
Maghawir al-Dakhiliya (special police force)
Mahad al-Ansar (Supporters’ Institute)
Mahdi Army
and Al Qaeda in Iraq
ascension of
believed to be lying dormant
cease-fire of
classification of the, question of, Muqtada’s response to
eclipse of the, aspects of the
following Samarra Shrine bombings
full-scale war declared on
and the INP
legend involving
mosques and
regional differences in the
and the surge
war inside the
See also Shiites
Mahdi, Sheikh Jihad
al-Majali, Sheikh Abdel Majid
Majd al-Anjar area
Majid, Ali Hassan (Chemical Ali)
Makiya, Kanan
al-Maksusi, Adnan
Maktab al-Khidmat al-Mujahideen (Office of Mujahideen Services)
Malaya
Maliki government
al-Maliki, Nuri
Maliki, Walid Abdel
Maluki Mosque
Mansour
Mao Zedong
al-Maqdisi, Abu Muhammad
March 8 coalition
March 14 coalition
Marginalization, issue of
Marka military court trials
Maronites
Marshall, George C.
al-Mashhadani, Adil
al-Mashhadani, Taysir Najah
al-Masihi, Amar
al-Masri, Hussein
al-Masri, Khalid
al-Masri, Muhamad
Massoud, Ahmad Shah
Mattis, James
Mayha, Rauf Aballah Abu
Mazloum, Wassim I.
McCain, John
McChrystal, Stanley
McCollough, William
McDonalds
McFarland, Sean
McGurk, Brett
McKiernan, David
McMullen, Chris
Mecca
Media
in Afghanistan
Arab, resentment toward
and the battle of Nahr al-Barid camp
and the COIN manual
conduct of the
embedding with the American military, criticism of
freedom of the, issue of
holed up in Lebanon
importance of the, realizing the
kidnapping involving the
killing of a member of the
Lebanese, blaming the
local Lebanese attitude towards
perceived as the enemy
Saudis use of the
and selection bias
and the surge
U.S., focus of the, since the beginning of the occupation, issue with
Media blackout
Medical City
Medina
al-Meis, Khalil
Meshal, Khalid
Mesopotamia, capture of
Mexico
Middle East
euphemism for American-backed militias in the
failed U.S. policies in, effect of
identity politics in the, resurgence of
impact on the
largest refugee crisis in the
perceived Jewish and Zionist strategy in the
perception of Al Qaeda and Americans in the
Shiite vs. Sunni revival in the
youth in the, recruitment of
See also specific countries
Midhat, Kamal
Mikati, Najib
Milat Ibrahim (Maqdisi)
Milestones on the Road (Qutb)
Military Review
Military Transition Team (MTT)
Militia power, original and shifting, U.S. not understanding
Militias. See specific militia groups
Minority power
Miska, Steve
Mohsen, Amer
Mongols, occupation by
Morgado, Andy
Morocco
Mosques
rise of
See also specific mosques
Mossad
Mosul
Moussa, Ammar
Moustapha, Imad
Muawiya
Mubarak, Hosni
Mufti of Lebanon (Grand Mufti)
Mufti of Tripoli
Mughniyeh, Imad
al-Muhamadawi, Sheikh Karim
Muhammad, Prophet
al-Muhammadawi, Karim Mahud (Abu Hatem)
al-Muhandes, Abu Mahdi (Jamal Jaafir Mohammed Ali)
Mujahed, Zaibullah
Mujahideen Advisory Council
Mujahideen, first generation of
Mujahideen Shura Council
Mullah Omar (Taliban group)
Mullen, Mike
Multi-National Corps-Iraq (MNC-I)
Multi-National Division-Baghdad (MND-B)
Multi-National Division-Central (MND-C)
Multi-National Forces-Iraq (MNF-I)
Multinational Security Transition Command-Iraq (MNSTCI)
Murabitun militia
Murr, Elias
al-Musawi, Nawaf
al-Musawi, Sadeq
al-Musawi, Sayyid Hassan Naji
Muslim Brotherhood
Muslims
call to all, to defeat the occupying forces
liberal, imposing strict interpretation of Islam on
original split between
percentage of Sunnis comprising
Mustafa Husseiniya (worship place)
Mustansiriya University
Muthana Brigade
al-Mutlaq, Saleh
Muwahidun group
Nagl, John
Nahr al-Barid refugee camps
Najaf
Naji, Hamudi
Naji, Kanan
Nashabe, Omar
Nasir, Mullah
Nasr, Sayyid
Nasrallah, Sayyid Hassan See also Hizballah
Nasser, Gamal Abdel
National Accord Front
National Assembly
National Defense University
National Police Training Team (NPTT)
National Solidarity Program
NATO forces
Nazi Party
Neighborhood Advisory Councils (NACs)
Neoconservatives
New TV channel
New York Times
Newsweek
Nicaragua
Nicholson, Lawrence
Nilesat network
9/11 attacks. See September 11 attacks
1920 Revolution Battalions
Nineveh
Nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), situation of, in Afghanistan See also specific organizations
North African community
Northern Alliance
Northern Ireland
al-Nujaifi, Atheel
Nur Muhammad (Light of Muhammad) group
Nuri, Riyadh
Obaid, Nawaf
Obama administration
Obama, Barack
al-Obeidi, Abdel Qader
al-Obeidi, Sheikh Khalid
Odierno, Raymond
Office of Mujahideen Services
Office of Reconstruction and Humanitarian Assistance (ORHA)
Office of the Coalition Provisional Authority (OCPA)
Oil reserves, in Iraq
Oil revenue, sanctions imposed on
Oil-for-food program
Ollivant, Douglas
Omar Mosque
Omar, Mullah
“Omar” name, targeting Sunnis based on
al-Omar, Sheikh Nasser bin Suleiman
Operation Arrowhead Strike 9
Operation Close Encounters
Operation Fard al-Qanun (Rule of Law)
Operation Iraqi Freedom deployment
Operation Mountain Fury
Operation Sawlat al-Fursan. See Charge of the Knights campaign
Operation Seventh Veil
Operation Together Forward I
Operation Together Forward II
Operation Valhalla
Organization of the Islamic Conference
Organized Movement of Islamic Call and Jihad
Orphans, number of
Osama bin Laden. See bin Laden, Osama
Oslo accords
O’Sullivan, Meghan
Ottomans
“Our COIN Doctrine Removes the Enemy from the Essence of War” (Gentile)
Pakistan
and Afghanistan
double game played by
new U.S. strategy for
religious schools in
Palestine
Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO)
Palestinian refugee crisis See also specific refugee camps
Palestinians and Palestinian refugees
fleeing Nahr al-Barid refugee camp
granting citizenship to, issue of
as jihadists
marooned
numbers of, in Iraq
opposition to early coalition of in Lebanon
relocation of
shift in treatment of, in Iraq
status of
staying out of internal Lebanese conflict
as the Sunni army
in Syria
uprising of, in Jordan
See also specific leaders/people and organizations
Parwan province
Pashtun ethnic group, size of
Pashtunwali
Patriotic Union of Kurdistan (PUK)
Petraeus, David
Pew poll
Philippines
Political participation See also Elections
Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP)
Prisoners
files kept on
treatment of
Prisons
in Afghanistan
in Lebanon
men detained in, on scant evidence
number of men who spent years in
during peak of the surge, number of Iraqis held in
in Saudi Arabia
secret
in Syria
See also specific prisons
Progressive Socialist Party
Provincial Reconstruction Teams (PRTs)
Provincial Reserve (PR)
Provisional auxiliary police
Public Distribution Service
Qabbani, Mufti
Qanbar, Abud
Qaqa’a Mosque
Qartarneh, Yasar
Qasim, Abdul Karim
Qasim, Sheikh Naim
Qatar
al-Qeisi, Sheikh Dhafer
Qiba Mosque
al-Qiblawi, Abu Jaafar
Qutb, Sayyid
Racism
Radical Islam, spread of
Radio Sawa
Rafidein Brigade
Rahman, Omar Abdel
Rahman, Sheikh Muhamad Abdel
Ramadan, Mustafa (Abu Muhamad/Abu Shahid)
Ramadi
al-Ramah, Basil Muhamad
Ramah, Muhamad Qasim Sulaiman
al-Rantisi, Abdel Aziz
Rashas women’s prison
Rashid, Sheikh Khalid
Reconciliation efforts
Reconstruction
Red Cross, Lebanese
Reese, Timothy
Refugee camps. See specific camps
Refugees. See Exiles; Iraqi refugees; Palestinians and Palestinian refugees
Refugees International
Republican Guard
Republicans and Democrats
Resistance fighters. See specific resistance groups and leaders
Resistance, honorable, defined
Rice, Condoleeza
Ricks, Tom
Rifai, Osama
Riffi, Ashraf
Rite of passage for young jihadis
Rogers, Chris
Rohde, David
Rolling Stone
Rougier, Bernard
al-Rubaei, Muafaq
Rumsfeld, Donald
Russia
Russian embasssy attack
Rwanda
Saadeh, Antoine
Sabean minorities
Sada Camp
Sadat, Anwar
Sadda dam
Saddam City See also Sadr City
Saddam City security prison
Saddam University
Sadr City
Sadr Current
Sadr, Imam Musa
al-Sadr, Muhammad Baqir
al-Sadr, Muhammad Sadiq
al-Sadr, Muqtada See also Mahdi Army
Sadrein camp
Sadrists See also Mahdi Army; Sadr Current
al-Saedi, Sheikh Abdel Karim
Safavids
“Safawis” epithet
al-Saghir, Jalaluddin
as-Said, Nuri
Salafi chanting
Salafi Current
Salafi Mujahideen movement
Salafis
Salafism
Salahedin Camp
Salahuddin Brigades
Salam Mosque
al-Samarai, Sheikh Ahmad Abdel Ghafur
Samarra shrine attack
Sanctions, impact of
Sattar, Sheikh. See Abu Risha, Sheikh Sattar
Satterfield, David
Saudi Arabia
and Afghanistan
and Al Qaeda
aligning with Jordan
apprehension of
and Fatah al-Islam
ignoring involvement of
interference and money from, effect of
and Lebanon
and the March 14 coalition
regional rivalry between Iran and
sectarianism in
Saudi proxies
Sayyaf, Abdul Rasul
al-Sayyid, Ridwan
Schools
ban on attending
religious, in Pakistan
teaching jihad ideas in
Schwarzenegger, Arnold
Secret prisons
Sectarian cleansing See also Iraqi civil war
Sectarianism
artificial, in Lebanon
and Basra
blaming Americans for
continued slaughter due to, aspects of the
degree of, diminished
descent into
dividing the militias, effect of
in the Education Ministry
in Egypt
elections that enshrined
frustration over, potential for continued
in the government
history of
and identity politics
of the Iraqi Security Forces
and Jordan
and Lebanon
as more covert
overt, receding of
perceptions based on
in the police force
provoking in the regional, possibility of
regional, rise in
rise in
and Saddam
sign of shift away from
during the surge
Syria and
in universities towards students
U.S. occupation promoting
See also specific geographical areas
Sects, religious. See specific sects
Secure Plus security company
Seidiya Guard
Selection bias
Sepp, Kalev
September 11 attacks
Sermons, impact of
Shaab
Shab-e-Barat holiday
Shah of Iran
al-Shahal, Sheikh Dai al-Islam
Shallaq, Fadil
Sham
See also Jund al-Sham (Soldiers of Sham/Levant)
al-Shami, Abu Anas
Shanshal, Falah Hassan
Shaqis, recruitment of
Sharikat al-Sadr (Rays of Sadr) newspaper
al-Sharman, Muhamad Mahmud
Sharon, Ariel
Sharqiya television
Shatila refugee camp
Shawish, Zuheir
Shawkat, Asef
Shehab, Fouad
al-Sheikh, Fattah
“Shiite crescent,”
Shiite Hizballah-Iranian model
Shiite House
Shiite militias
accusations against
in Amriya
cease-fire of
depending on Al Qaeda for protection from
and ease of integration into the ISF
Hizballah training, media accusation of
linked to Iraqi Security Forces
other targets of
and the road to civil war
treatment of Palestinians
See also specific militia groups and leaders
Shiite mosques See also specific mosques
Shiite pilgrims
Shiite Political Council
Shiite revival
Shiite shrines See also specific shrines
“Shiite south” label
Shiites
actual representation of Sunnis and
American perception of
beliefs held by
common epithet involving
divided, and U.S. strategic interests
empowerment of
failed uprising against Saddam by
in the first outbreaks of civil war
as the first target of AQI
important holidays of
moderate, losing
and mosque attendance
new Saddam of the
periphery vs. center
preferred burial site for
reported missing on the Internet
Salafi view of
secular
as the winners
Zarqawi’s warning to
See also specific Shiite leaders/people and organizations
Shiite-Sunni conflict/violence. See Iraqi civil war; Sectarian cleansing; Sectarianism; Shiite militias; Sunni militias
“Shock and awe” doctrine
“Shock therapy” techniques
Shoter, Faris Sayid Hassan
Shrine of Ali
Shuhada Mosque
Shuqair, Wafiq
Shurufi Mosque
Shuwafa
Siniora, Fouad
al-Sistani, Grand Ayatollah Ali
Slocombe, Walter
Smugglers
Soccer, views of
Social engineering
Solagh, Bayan Jabr
Somalia
Sons of Iraq (SOI) See also Awakening program/groups
Soviets/Soviet Union. See Russia
Special Republican Guard
Stalin, Joseph
Status of Forces Agreement
Straw, Jack
Sudan
al-Sudani, Abdul Falah
Sufis
Suicide bombings
Suleiman, Michel
Suleiman, Muhamad Haidar
Sunna, the, Salafis view of
“Sunni Arab” label
Sunni Endowment
Sunni militias
believed to be lying dormant
building, in Lebanon
cease-fire of
escalation between Mahdi Army and
funding for, significant source of
new, creation of
other targets of
paid by the U.S. military
See also specific militia groups and leaders
Sunni mosques See also specific mosques
Sunni newspapers
Sunni revival
“Sunni Triangle” label
Sunnis
American perception of
changing attitude of
coup attempts by
global fatwa calling on all
lack of alternatives facing
loss accepted by
and mosque attendance
overrepresentation of
percentage of, comprising the Muslim world
periphery vs. center
reported missing on the Internet
Salafi belief about Shiites view of
as the second target of AQI
secular
Sunni-Shiite conflict/violence. See Iraqi civil war; Sectarian cleansing; Sectarianism; Shiite militias; Sunni militias
Supreme Council for the Islamic Revolution in Iraq (SCIRI)
Supreme Iraqi Islamic Council
Suyuf Allah group
Swindell, Sean
Syria
accused of helping Al Qaeda
blamed for major terrorist attack in Baghdad
closed borders of
exiles in
Fatah al-Intifada in
and Fatah al-Islam
foreign fighters from
and the March 8 coalition
patrolling the borders
political and military domination of Lebanon
population of
and sectarianism
and starting jihad in Sham
U.S. threat toward
Syrian Social Nationalist Party (SSNP)
Taamir
Tactical Humintelligence Team
Taha, Abu Salim
al-Taha, Sheikh Ahmad
Tahash, Muhamad Mahmud
Taif Accords
Tajik-dominated government
Tal Afar
Talabani, Jalal
Taliban
origins of the
and the resurgence of U.S. troops in Afghanistan, aspects of
speedy defeat of the, in 2001, 464
symptoms before the fall of the
al-Tamimi, Abu Azzam
al-Tamimi, Sheikh Safaa
Tariq al-Jadida area
Tawhid and Jihad group See also Al Qaeda
Tawhid Brigade
Tawhid (Harakat al-Tawhid al-Islami) group
Tawhid movement
Tawhid (Unity) association
Team Ironhorse
Team Prowler
Tel al-Zaatar refugee camp
Terror in the Hands of Justice (television show)
Terrorism vs. freedom fighting, difficulty distinguishing
Thar Allah group
Thuwar. See Fursan (Amriya Freedom Fighters/Thurwar)
Tigris River, banks of the
Tikrit
Tikriti Mosque (Fardos Mosque)
Time magazine
al-Titi, Muhamad Jamil
Together Forward I and II,
Torture device, popular
Townsend, Steve
Treaty of Portsmouth
Tribal elders in Afghanistan
Tribal leaders, shift in treatment of See also specific leaders
Tribal militias See also specific groups
Trinquier, Roger
Tripoli See also specific districts and neighborhoods
Tripoli Brigades
Turkey/Turks
Turki, Prince
al-Tuweijiri, Sheikh Abdullah
Um Al Qura Mosque (Um al Maarik)
Um Qasr, fall of
Um Qasr prison
al-Umama, Sheikh Adnan
Umayyad dynasty
UN Assistance Mission for Iraq (UNAMI)
UN Security Council
United Arab Emirates
United Iraqi Alliance
United Nations
United Nations High Commission for Refugees (UNHCR)
United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFL)
United States
as adopting Al Qaeda’s worldview
Afghani view of
comparing Saddam to the
continuing involvement of, in spiraling violence
and control over Saddam’s execution, issue of
demanding compensation from
failure of the, to question the invasion
focus of the, from the beginning of the occupation, issue with
ignoring involvement of
influence of, loss of, due to wars in Iraq and Afghanistan
international community waiting for leadership from, on the refugee crisis
and Iraq, previous relationship between
Iraqi views of the
Jordanian jihadis view of
Lebanese views of the
and Lebanon
military alliance backed by
perceptions/views held by the
planners and observers, exaggerated claims of
presidential campaign in the
push by, in Palestine and Lebanon
response to Iran’s nuclear intransigence
sermon blaming the
and shifting support between sects
and the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan
and the Taliban, previous relationship between
trepidation in, over the Iraqi elections
victory for, magazine declaring
See also specific U.S. government agencies, institutions, and people
Unity, calls for
Universities
sectarianism in the
as targets
See also specific schools
University of Baghdad
University of Haifa
University of Jordan
University of Technology
University of Zarqa
U.S. Army, manual for See also U.S. troops
U.S. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)
U.S. Combined Arms Center (USACAC)
U.S. Defense Department
U.S. Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA)
U.S. embassy, Afghanistan
U.S. Government Accountability Office
U.S. House Armed Services Committee
U.S. Marine Corps.
in Afghanistan
manual for
See also U.S. troops
U.S. National Security Agency
U.S. National Security Council (NSC)
U.S. occupation
actions during, giving a bad name to democracy
based on a vision
COIN theorists’ failure to question the U.S. invasion and
demographic changes brought by, article warning of
failed, strange epitaph for a
focus of the U.S. administration from the beginning of the, issue with the
impact of, aspects of the
incompetency of the
and making major decisions without Iraqi input
new security plan for
opposition to, from the beginning
role shift during the
stated goal of the
suffering brought on by
as a systemic imposition of violence
See also specific aspects related to the occupation of Iraq and Afghanistan
U.S. Senate
U.S. Special Forces
U.S. State Department
U.S. troops
in Afghanistan, number of
cease-fire with
change in behavior of, for the better
changing role of the
COIN manual for
continuing presence of, as a constant implied threat
decline in casualties of
films of the resistance against
Iraqi views of
leaving more, than previously agreed, talk of
legitimizing withdrawal of, need for
onerous presence of
power dynamic between the street and
provincial presence of, expected reduction of
questioning the approach of
recruiting by
withdrawal of, timetable for, issue of
U.S. troop surge
in Afghanistan
airstrikes during
alleged success of, problem with the
and the battle over Amriya, aspects of
costly toll of the
and the eclipse of the Mahdi Army, aspects of
initiating the, and the move toward Iraqi-based solutions, aspects of
Maliki benefiting from
overview of the, and its influence
purpose of the
reduction in violence falsely attributed to
timing of the
Usbat al-Ansar (The League of Supporters)
al-Utaibi, Juhayman
al-Uzri, Abdel Karim
Vietnam
Violence
decline in levels of
extreme and indiscriminate
future, and the Bush administration legacy
increase in, in areas of U.S. expanded operations
purpose of the
self-sustaining cycle of
shift in the source of
spiraling, continuing U.S. involvement in
systemic imposition of
triggers of
Volcano Brigade
Wahhabi Mosque (Abdel Rahman Auf Mosque)
Wahhabis
See also Sunnis
Wardak province
Warlords, U.S. backing of, and reliance on
Wasfi, Muhamad Abu Muntasar
Washash
Washington Post
Weapons of mass destruction (WMDs), issue of
West Point
Widows, number of
Wilder, Andrew
al-Windawi, Mouayad
Winds of Victory (video)
Wolf Brigade
Wolfowitz, Paul
Women
in Afghanistan
attending markets, issue of
with “bad” reputations, targeting
clothing covering, in Jordan
held as hostages by Americans
imposing strict interpretation of Islam on
militias and
in prison, treatment of
using, in anti-regime operations
World Trade Center bombing
Yakan, Fathi
Yamin, Firas (Abu Omar)
al-Yaqoubi, Muhammad
Yaqubi Camp
Yarmuk
Yarmuk refugee camp
Yazid (son of Muawiya)
Yemen
Younes, Kristele
Zafraniya
al-Zarqawi, Abu Musab
See also Al Qaeda in Iraq (AQI)
al-Zawahiri, Ayman
al-Zeidi, Muntadhar
Zeinab (daughter of Ali)
Zia ul-Madaris al-Faruqia religious school
Zionists, perceived strategy of